产物官能团类型
1. NaOH法
通过部分水解将腈转化为酰胺（使用 NaOH、KOH 或 LiOH 等）通常最好在温和加热的条件下进行，并仔细监测反应过程。由于酰胺产物容易进一步水解为羧酸，因此高收率可能较难实现。
案例
The SM (120 mg, 0.35 mmol) was suspended in MeOH (0.5 mL) and H2O (O.5 mL) and stirred at RT. To this mixture was added 50% aq NaOH (84 mg, 1.05 mmol). Upon warming to 50 C a small amount of dioxane was added to aid in solubility. After 90 min the mixture was removed from heat and H2O was added to precipitate a solid. The solid was filtered and washed with H2O to provide the product. [87 mg]
Patent Reference: WO2010038081, page 250
2.UHP法
一种将腈转化为酰胺的温和方法是使用含有过氧化氢 (H2O2) 的碱性溶液（例如 NaOH 在水乙醇中的溶液）。尿素-过氧化氢 (UHP) 是一种固体试剂，在溶解时释放出游离的 H2O2。
案例
To a stirred solution of urea hydrogen peroxide (4.2 g, 43.8 mmol) in H2O (12 mL) was added NaOH (1.04 g, 25.5 mmol). The resulting mixture was cooled in an ice bath before a solution of the SM (1.00 g, 7.29 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred vigorously at RT for 2 h. The mixture was diluted with H2O (100 mL) and EtOAc (100 mL) and was stirred 5 min, after which time 1M HCl was until pH 4. The layers were separated and the aq layer was further extracted with EtOAc (3 x 100 mL). The combined organics were dried (MgSO4) and concentrated to give a white solid. The solid was triturated with 2:1 ether/heptane (90 mL) for 1 h, before filtering to provide the product as a white solid. [1.05 g]
Patent Reference: WO2012069948, page 63